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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforWindResistanceofAsphaltShingles(UpliftForce/UpliftResistanceMethod)
【原文标准名称】:沥青屋面板防风(上升力/抗上升力法)标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD7158-2008d
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2008
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D08.02
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:asphaltshingles;calculatedwindresistance;factory-appliedsealant;fan-inducedwind;field-appliedsealant;roofing;sealantbondstrength;shinglemechanicalupliftresistance;shingleupliftpressurecoefficients;shingleupliftrigidity;windresis
【摘要】:Thewindresistanceofsealedasphaltshinglesisdirectlyrelatedtotheabilityofthesealedshingletoresisttheforceofthewindactingtolifttheshinglefromtheshinglebelow.Thistestmethodemploysthemeasuredresistanceoftheshingletomechanicalupliftaftersealingunderdefinedconditions,inacalculationwhichdetermineswhetherthisresistanceexceedsthecalculatedforceinducedbywindpassingoverthesurfaceoftheshingle.Naturalwindconditionsdifferwithrespecttointensity,duration,andturbulence;whiletheseconditionswereconsidered,andsafetyfactorsintroduced,extremenaturalvariationsarebeyondthemeansofthistestmethodtosimulate.Manyfactorsinfluencethesealingcharacteristicsofshinglesinthefield;forexample,temperature,time,roofslope,contaminationbydirtanddebris,andfastenersthataremisalignedorunderdrivenandinterferewithsealing.Itisbeyondthescopeofthistestmethodtoaddressalloftheseinfluences.Theclassificationdeterminedinthistestmethodisbasedonthemechanicalupliftresistancedeterminedwhenrepresentativesamplesofshinglesaresealedunderdefinedconditionsbeforetesting.ThecalculationsthatsupporttheClassesin4.1useseveralstandardbuildingenvironmentfactors.Theseincludethe3-swindgustexposurefromASCE-7,installationonCategoryIorIIbuildingsforallslopes,groundroughnessBorC,andinstallationonbuildings60fttallorless.Note28212;Theassumptionsusedinthecalculationsfortheclassesin4.1covertherequirementsforthemajorityoftheasphaltshingleroofsinstalled.Ifenvironmentalfactorsareoutsidethoseusedinthecalculationsfortheseclasses,suchasgroundroughnessD,buildingheightsgreaterthan60fttall,buildingusecategoriesIIIorIVandotherexposuresasdefinedbyASCE-7,othercalculationsarerequired.Consulttheshinglemanufacturerforthespecificshinglex2019;sDCp,EI,L,L1,andL2valuesneededtocompletethesecalculations.Thetesttodetermineupliftcoefficientsisconductedwithawindvelocityof15.6x00B1;1.3m/s(35x00B1;3mph).Researchdataobtainedduringthedevelopmentofthistestprocedure,aswellasstandardwindmodelingpractices,providesfordataextrapolationtootherwindspeeds.Inordertosimulatetheraisedshingleedgethatisinherentbehaviorunderhighwindexposure,shimsareinsertedunderthewindwardedgeoftheshingleasappropriatebasedonwindspeedandupliftrigidityoftheshinglebeinginvestigated.Thistestmethodprovidesameansofmeasuringshingleupliftrigiditywhichisusedtodeterminethecorrectshimthickness.Additionally,thistestmethodallowsfortheuseofadefaultvalueforupliftrigidity(EI)of7175N-mm2(2.5lbf-in.2),ifarigiditymeasurementisnotmade.ThisdefaultvalueisconservativesincethelowestEImeasuredinthedevelopmentofthisprogramwas14350N-mm2(5.0lbf-in.2).Note38212;Theentirefieldofwindengineeringisbasedonuseofsmall-scalemodelsinwindtunnelsusingwindspeedsmuchlowerthanthefull-scalevalues.BuildingCodespermittestingofthistypetoreplacetheanalyticalprovisionsoftheBuildingCodethroughtheprovisionsofASCE7.(SeeAppendixX1fordetailsandreferences.)1.1Thistestmethodcoverstheprocedureforcalculatingthewindresistanceofasphaltshingleswhenappliedinaccordancewiththemanufacturer''sinstructions,andsealedunderdefinedconditions.Shingledesignsthatdependoninterlockingorproductrigiditytoresistthewindcannotbeevaluatedusingthis......
【中国标准分类号】:Q17
【国际标准分类号】:91_060_20
【页数】:16P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Fibreopticinterconnectingdevicesandpassivecomponents-Performancestandard-Part022-2:FibreopticconnectorsterminatedonmultimodefibreforcategoryC-Controlledenvironment
【原文标准名称】:光纤互连装置和无源部件性能标准.第022-2部分:C类多模光纤连接器终端.受控环境
【标准号】:IEC61753-022-2-2012
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2012-11
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际电工委员会(IX-IEC)
【起草单位】:IEC/SC86B
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:电缆;组件;连接工艺;直径;尺寸规格;电插头;电气工程;电子设备及元件;环境条件;紧固件;箍;光纤;玻璃纤维电缆;测量;测量技术;多模纤维;光波导;无源的;性能;试验
【英文主题词】:Cables;Components;Connectiontechnology;Diameter;Dimensions;Electricplugs;Electricalengineering;Electronicequipmentandcomponents;Environmentalconditions;Fasteners;Ferrules;Fibreoptics;Glassfibrecables;Measurement;Measuringtechniques;Multimodefibres;Opticalwaveguides;Passive;Performance;Testing
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:
【国际标准分类号】:33_180_20
【页数】:29P;A4
【正文语种】:英语